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Q&A

Kokotajlo explains AI 2040 Plan A's transparency infrastructure

New York City Council · Oct 5, 2026 · starts 0:52:17 · 3 min 26 sec

Kokotajlo describes Plan A: the U.S. and China regulate their domestic industries and coordinate rules internationally, with inspectors counting chips in data centers and separating inference and transparent training data centers. The transparency infrastructure would let the world see what is happening in R&D data centers.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Thank you.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

There's a lot to get into here, so I'm afraid I'll have to be kind of brief, but I'm happy to answer follow-up questions if desired.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Yeah, AI 2040 Plan A is a scenario that my organization has put out with a plan for how to solve all these problems and develop AI in a way that's safe and broadly beneficial, that avoids concentrating too much power.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

In plan A, the US and China regulate their own domestic industries quite a lot and also coordinate with each other to get a similar amount of, to basically get similar regulations internationally.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Going into somewhat more detail about how it works, basically,

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

First, they have inspectors fly back and forth to count the chips in the major data centers so that they can

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

make sure that all of the chips on the major data centers in both countries are basically following the rules that they're going to agree to.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And then they set up some data centers to serve customers called the inference data centers.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And those ones are set up to only...

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Run existing models and not do training runs.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Then they have other data centers, which are the training data centers, which is where the research happens and where the development happens.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Those ones are supposed to be fully transparent.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

So the activity on those data centers is published to the internet.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Once that foundation is set in place and you have inspectors from multiple countries from

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

confirming that it's in place, then you solve the problem of having to trust.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

You don't have to worry that the other country is cheating on whatever rules you agree to because you can just see exactly what's going on on their research data centers.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And then you can agree to further rules.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

You can agree to rules like, for example,

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

How about we don't train our AIs to code, to hack, to autonomously conduct AI research?

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

We can train our AIs to do other things, but not those things, for example.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And once you've agreed to a rule like that, then you'll just be able to see that it's being complied with because of the way that you have this transparency infrastructure set up.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Also,

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

it's going to be easier to decide what rules to agree on once you have this transparency infrastructure set up because the whole world can see what's going on in these research and development data centers.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And so there can be an actual scientific conversation, a public scientific conversation about what's happening.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

You know, do we like this?

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Do we not like this?

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

What are the pros and cons of this particular thing that's being done and so forth?

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And that scientific conversation can happen in the open, and it can accelerate humanity's process of figuring out where to draw the line between what types of development are good and what types of development are not good.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

There's more I can get into, but I think that would be a summary of the positive vision that we lay out in plan A.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Now, obviously, that's...

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Quite different from how things are currently done.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Right now, we have private companies that are racing each other in conditions of extreme secrecy and extreme tension and competitive dynamics.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And I think that that's extremely dangerous for all the reasons that we've described.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

So back to your original question, my high level, a summary of my position is we have to stop the companies from doing this incredibly dangerous thing that they're currently doing and currently planning to do.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And then figure out a different, safer, more power distributed way to proceed.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

And, you know, plan A is our sketch of what that might look like.

Julie Menin

Thank you.

Member of the Public - Daniel Kokotajlo

Thank you.